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Samuel Alexander "Sam" Mendes, (born 1 August 1965)〔 is an English stage and film director. He is best known for directing the comedy-drama film ''American Beauty'' (1999), which earned him the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Director, the crime film ''Road to Perdition'' (2002), and the ''James Bond'' films ''Skyfall'' (2012) and the newly released ''Spectre'' (2015). He also is known for dark re-inventions of the stage musicals ''Cabaret'' (1994), ''Oliver!'' (1994), ''Company'' (1996), and ''Gypsy'' (2003). He directed an original stage musical for the first time with ''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'' (2013). In 2000 Mendes was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II for "services to drama" and in the same year was awarded the Shakespeare Prize by the Alfred Toepfer Foundation in Hamburg, Germany. In 2005, he received a lifetime achievement award from the Directors Guild of Great Britain.〔("Sam Mendes gets directing honour" ). BBC. Retrieved 18 June 2012〕 == Early years == Mendes was born in Reading, Berkshire, the only child of Valerie Helene (''née'' Barnett), an author of children's books, and Jameson Peter Mendes, a university professor. His father, who is from Trinidad, is of Portuguese and Italian descent,〔''The Autobiography of Alfred H. Mendes 1897-1991'', p. 112-114〕 and his mother is an English Jew. His grandfather was the Trinidadian writer Alfred Hubert Mendes.〔〔 Mendes' parents divorced when he was a child. He grew up in Oxfordshire and attended Magdalen College School and Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he graduated with a first in English.〔〔(Eminent Petreans )〕 While at Cambridge, he was a member of the Marlowe Society and directed several plays, including a production of ''Cyrano de Bergerac'' with Tom Hollander among the cast members.〔("About The Marlowe" ). Cambridge University Marlowe Society. Retrieved 18 June 2012〕 He was also a "brilliant" schoolboy cricketer, according to Wisden and played for Magdalen College School in 1983 and 1984. He also played cricket for Cambridge University. Aged 24 Mendes directed a production of Chekhov's ''The Cherry Orchard'' in the West End that starred Judi Dench.〔("Profile: Sam Mendes, director of Skyfall - the 23rd James Bond film" ). BBC. Retrieved 24 January 2013〕 Soon he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, where his productions, many of them featuring Simon Russell Beale, included ''Troilus and Cressida'', ''Richard III'' and ''The Tempest''. He worked at the Chichester Festival Theatre in 1988 as assistant director on a number of productions, including ''Major Barbara'', and directing in "The Tent", the second venue. He later directed at the Royal National Theatre, helming Edward Bond's ''The Sea'', Jim Cartwright's ''The Rise and Fall of Little Voice'', Harold Pinter's ''The Birthday Party'', and ''Othello'' with Simon Russell Beale as Iago. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sam Mendes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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